Minggu, 10 November 2013

LATAR BELAKANG KOPERASI


Nama: Ilenna D Mirawan
Kelas: 2EA11
NPM: 13212596

Latar Belakang Koperasi

Koperasi adalah kumpulan orang-orang, bukan kumpulan uang. Itulah koperasi yang diperkenalkan oleh Haji Mohammad Hatta dan Pastor Karim Arbij 30 tahun lalu. Beliau berusaha mengembalikan citra koperasi ke asalnya sebagai lembaga usaha bersama masyarakat yang menanamkan nilai-nilai swadaya, tanggungjawab, demokrasi, kesetaraan, keadilan, dan solidaritas.

Sejarah pertumbuhan koperasi di seluruh dunia disebabkan oleh tidak dapat dipecahkannya masalah kemiskinan atas dasar semangat individualisme. Koperasi lahir sebagai alat untuk memperbaiki kepincangan-kepincangan dan kelemahan-kelemahan dari perekonomian bentuk kapitalistis. Koperasi yang lahir pertama di Inggris berusaha mengatasi masalah keperluan konsumsi para anggotanya dengan cara kebersamaan yang dilandasi atas dasar prinsip-prinsip keadilan yang selanjutnya menelorkan prinsip-prinsip keadilan yang dikenal dengan


Mengapa Koperasi ada di Indonesia?

Karena pada awalnya koperasi ada sebagai alat untuk memperbaiki ketidakstabilan dan kelemahan ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia yang belum mampu

Mengapa Koperasi diperlukan di Indonesia?

1.     Membangun dan mengembangkan potensi dan kemampuan ekonomi anggota pada khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi dan sosialnya.
2.     Berperan serta secara aktif dalam upaya mempertinggi kualitas kehidupan manusia dan masyarakat.
3.     Memperkokoh perekonomian rakyat sebagai dasar kekuatan dan ketahanan perekonomian nasional dengan koperasi sebagai sokogurunya.
4.     Berusaha untuk mewujudkan dan mengembangkan perekonomian nasional yang merupakan usaha bersama berdasar atas azas kekeluargaan dan demokrasi ekonomi.


Berdasarkan Undang-Undang apa koperasi diperlukan?

Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 Pasal 3 tujuan koperasi Indonesia adalah 
“Koperasi bertujuan memajukan kesejahteraan anggota pada khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya serta ikut membangun tatanan perekonomian nasional dalam rangka mewujudkan masyarakat yang maju, adil dan makmur berlandaskan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945”.


Siapakah Bapak Koperasi di Indonesia?

Proklamator, kelahiran Bukittinggi, 12 Agustus 1902, ini diberi kehormatan sebagai Bapak Koperasi Indonesia. Pikiran-pikiran Bung Hatta mengenai koperasi antara lain dituangkan dalam bukunya yang berjudul Membangun Koperasi dan Koperasi Membangun (1971).
Beliau juga aktif membimbing gerakan koperasi untuk melaksanakan cita-cita dalam konsepsi ekonominya. Tanggal 12 Juli 1951, Bung Hatta mengucapkan pidato radio untuk menyambut Hari Koperasi di Indonesia. Karena besamya aktivitas Bung Hatta dalam gerakan koperasi, maka pada tanggal 17 Juli 1953 dia diangkat sebagai Bapak Koperasi Indonesia pada Kongres Koperasi Indonesia di Bandung. Pikiran-pikiran Bung Hatta mengenai koperasi antara lain dituangkan dalam bukunya yang berjudul Membangun Koperasi dan Koperasi Membangun (1971).

Sumber: http://www.tokohindonesia.com/biografi/article/285-ensiklopedi/257-bapak-koperasi-indonesia
Copyright © tokohindonesia.com

Selasa, 18 Juni 2013

CONTOH KALIMAT RELAIVE PRONOUNS


Contoh Kalimat Relative Pronouns



Who:

  1. Who has this great car? 
  2. Who was the first human to set foot on the moon surface?


Whom:

  1. Whom do you love more? 
  2. For whom did he buy that necklace? For his girl friend?



Whose:

  1. Whose book did you copy?
  2. Whose cloth are you wearing? 


Which:
1. The small town in which I was born has grown to a large metropolis.
2. The day on which they were to leave finally arrived.



That:
1.He paid the money to the man who that had done the work
 2. He paid the man whom that he had hired.






NAMA: ILENNA D MIRAWAN
KELAS: 1EA08
NPM: 13212596

Article Of Relative Pronouns


WikiLeaks is a rare truth-teller. Smearing Julian Assange is shameful
by John Pilger, February 18, 2013
Last December, I stood with supporters of WikiLeaks and Julian Assange in the bitter cold outside the Ecuadorean embassy in London. Candles were lit; the faces were young and old and from all over the world. They were there to demonstrate their human solidarity with someone whose guts they admired. They were in no doubt about the importance of what Assange had revealed and achieved, and the grave dangers he now faced. Absent entirely were the lies, spite, jealousy, opportunism and pathetic animus of a few who claim the right to guard the limits of informed public debate.
These public displays of warmth for Assange are common and seldom reported. Several thousand people packed Sydney Town Hall, with hundreds spilling into the street. In New York recently, Assange was given the Yoko Ono Lennon Courage Award. In the audience was Daniel Ellsberg, who risked all to leak the truth about the barbarism of the Vietnam war.
Like Jemima Khan, the investigative journalist Phillip Knightley, the acclaimed film director Ken Loach and others lost bail money in standing up for Assange. “The US is out to crush someone who has revealed its dirty secrets,” Loach wrote to me. “Extradition via Sweden is more than likely . . . is it difficult to choose whom to support?”
No, it is not difficult.
In the NS last week, Jemima Khan ended her support for an epic struggle for justice, truth and freedom with an article on Wiki­Leaks’s founder. To Khan, the Ellsbergs and Yoko Onos, the Loaches and Knightleys, and the countless people they represent, have all been duped. We are all “blinkered”. We are all mindlessly “devoted”. We are all “cultists”. In the final words of her j’accuse, she describes Assange as “an Australian L Ron Hubbard”. She must have known this would make a gratuitous headline, as indeed it did across the press in Australia.
I respect Jemima Khan for backing humanitarian causes, such as the Palestinians. She supports the Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, of which I am a judge, and my own film-making. But her attack on Assange is specious and plays to a familiar gallery whose courage is tweeted from a smartphone.
Khan complains that Assange refused to appear in the film about WikiLeaks by the American director Alex Gibney, which she “executive produced”. Assange knew the film would be neither “nuanced” nor “fair” and “represent the truth”, as Khan wrote, and that its very title, We Steal Secrets: The Story of Wikileaks, was a gift to the fabricators of a bogus criminal indictment that could doom him to one of America’s hellholes. Having interviewed axe-grinders and turncoats, Gibney abuses Assange as paranoid. DreamWorks is also making a film about the “paranoid” Assange. Oscars all round.
The sum of Khan’s and Gibney’s attacks is that Ecuador granted him asylum without evidence. The evidence is voluminous. Assange has been declared an official “enemy” of a torturing, assassinating, rapacious state. This is clear in official files, obtained under Freedom of Information, that betray Washington’s “unprecedented” pursuit of him, together with the Australian government’s abandonment of its citizen: a legal basis for granting asylum.
Khan refers to a “long list” of Assange’s “alienated and disaffected allies”. Almost none was ever an ally. What is striking about most of these “allies” and Assange’s haters is that they exhibit the very symptoms of arrested development they attribute to a man whose resilience and good humour under extreme pressure are evident to those he trusts.
Another on the “long list” is the lawyer Mark Stephens, who charged him almost half a million pounds in fees and costs. This bill was paid from an advance on a book whose unauthorised manuscript was published by another “ally” without Assange’s knowledge or permission. When Assange moved his legal defence to Gareth Peirce, Britain’s leading human rights lawyer, he found a true ally. Khan makes no mention of the damning, irrefutable evidence that Peirce presented to the Australian government, warning how the US deliberately “synchronised” its extradition demands with pending cases and that her client faced a grave miscarriage of justice and personal danger. Peirce told the Australian consul in London in person that she had known few cases as shocking as this.
It is a red herring whether Britain or Sweden holds the greatest danger of delivering Assange to the US. The Swedes have refused all requests for guarantees that he will not be despatched under a secret arrangement with Washington; and it is the political executive in Stockholm, with its close ties to the extreme right in America, not the courts, that will make this decision.

Khan is rightly concerned about a “resolution” of the allegations of sexual misconduct in Sweden. Putting aside the tissue of falsehoods demonstrated in the evidence in this case, both women had consensual sex with Assange and neither claimed otherwise; and the Stockholm prosecutor Eva Finne all but dismissed the case.
As Katrin Axelsson and Lisa Longstaff of Women Against Rape wrote in the Guardianin August 2012, “. . . the allegations against [Assange] are a smokescreen behind which a number of governments are trying to clamp down on WikiLeaks for having audaciously revealed to the public their secret planning of wars and occupations with their attendant rape, murder and destruction . . .
“The authorities care so little about violence against women that

  they manipulate rape allegations at will . . . [Assange] has made it clear he is available for questioning by the Swedish authorities, in Britain or via Skype. Why are they refusing this essential step to their investigation? What are they afraid of?”





NAME: ILENNA D MIRAWAN
CLASS: 1EA08
NPM:13212596

Jumat, 03 Mei 2013

CONVERSATION DIRECT AND INDIRECT

Name: Ilenna D MirawanNPM: 13212596Class: 1EA08

Ilenna : I didn't go to class yesterday. Did Mrs. Septian make any assignments ?

Kiki : Yes. She said she wanted us to give a example of conversation direct and indirect.

Ilenna : What about you? You can do the task?

Kiki : No. but she said "You should study harder". Spooky right ?

Ilenna : Yeah. We have to get good grades. But sometimes I have difficulty understanding about direct and indirect.

Kiki : Me too. Maybe we need to try study together to share our knowledge.

Ilenna : Good . I agree with you.

Minggu, 17 Maret 2013

Definition of Music


The word music comes from the Greek mousikê (tekhnê) by way of the Latin musica. It is ultimately derived from mousa, the Greek word for muse. In ancient Greece, the word mousike was used to mean any of the arts or sciences governed by the Muses. Later, in Rome, ars musica embraced poetry as well as instrument-oriented music. In the European Middle Ages, musica was part of the mathematical quadrivium: arithmetics, geometry, astronomy and musica. The concept of musica was split into four major kinds by the fifth century philosopher, Boethius: musica universalis, musica humana, musica instrumentalis, and musica divina. Of those, only musica instrumentalis referred to music as performed sound.[original research?]
Musica universalis or musica mundana referred to the order of the universe, as God had created it in "measure, number and weight". The proportions of the spheres of the planets and stars (which at the time were still thought to revolve around the earth) were perceived as a form of music, without necessarily implying that any sound would be heard—music refers strictly to the mathematical proportions. From this concept later resulted the romantic idea of a music of the spheres. Musica humana, designated the proportions of the human body. These were thought to reflect the proportions of the Heavens and as such, to be an expression of God's greatness. To Medieval thinking, all things were connected with each other—a mode of thought that finds its traces today in the occult sciences or esoteric thought—ranging from astrology to believing certain minerals have certain beneficiary effects.[original research?]
Musica instrumentalis, finally, was the lowliest of the three disciplines and referred to the manifestation of those same mathematical proportions in sound—be it sung or played on instruments. The polyphonic organization of different melodies to sound at the same time was still a relatively new invention then, and it is understandable that the mathematical or physical relationships in frequency that give rise to the musical intervals as we hear them, should be foremost among the preoccupations of Medieval musicians

SOURCE:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definition_of_music

ILENNA D MIRAWAN
13212596
1EA08
ENGLISH

ECONOMIC VIEW Two - Prisms for Looking at China’s Problems


China is confronting some serious economic problems, and how Beijing does — or doesn’t — respond to them could bend the course of the global economy.
First, China’s real estate bubble is deflating. But its economy also seems to be suffering from what we economists call excess capacity — an overinvestment in capital goods, whether in factories, retail stores or infrastructure.
So what now? The answer depends in part on your school of economic thinking.
Keynesian economics holds that aggregate demand — the sum of all consumption, investment,  government spending and  net exports — drives stability, and that government can and should help in difficult times. But the Austrian perspective, developed by the Austrian economists Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich A. Hayek, and championed today by many libertarians and conservatives, emphasizes how government policy often makes things worse, not better.
Economists of all stripes agree that China may be in for a spill. John Maynard Keynesemphasized back in the 1930s the dangers of speculative bubbles, and China certainly seems to have had one in its property market.
Keynesians would argue that Beijing has the tools to stoke aggregate demand. It could, for example, adjust interest rates and bank reserve requirements, instruct state-owned banks to maintain lending, or deploy some of its $3 trillion in foreign exchange reserves. The government also appears to have many shovel-ready construction and infrastructure projects that could help the economy glide to a soft landing and then bounce back.
The Austrian perspective introduces some scarier considerations. China has been investing 40 percent to 50 percent of its national income. But it is hard to invest so much money wisely, particularly in an environment of economic favoritism. And this rate of investment is artificially high to begin with.
Beijing is often accused of manipulating the value of its currency, the renminbi, to subsidize its manufacturing. The government also funnels domestic savings into the national banking system and grants subsidies to politically favored businesses, and it seems obsessed with building infrastructure. All of this tips the economy in very particular directions.
The Austrian approach raises the possibility that there is no way for China to make good on enough of its oversubsidized investments. At first, they create lots of jobs and revenue, but as the business cycle proceeds, new marginal investments become less valuable and more prone to allocation by corruption. The giddy booms of earlier times wear off, and suddenly not every decision seems wise. The combination can lead to an economic crackup — not because aggregate demand is too low, but because the economy has been producing the wrong mix of goods and services.
TO keep its investments in business, the Chinese government will almost certainly continue to use political means, like propping up ailing companies with credit from state-owned banks. But whether or not those companies survive, the investments themselves have been wasteful, and that will eventually damage the economy. In the Austrian perspective, the government has less ability to set things right than in Keynesian theories.
Furthermore, it is becoming harder to stimulate the Chinese economy effectively. The flow of funds out of China has accelerated recently, and the trend may continue as the government liberalizes capital markets and as Chinese businesses become more international and learn how to game the system. Again, reflecting a core theme of Austrian economics, market forces are overturning or refusing to validate the state-preferred pattern of investments.
For Western economies, the Keynesian view is much more popular than the Austrian view among mainstream economists. The Austrian view has a hard time explaining how so many investors can be fooled into so much malinvestment, especially given the traditional Austrian perspective that markets are fairly effective in allocating resources. But China has had such an extreme and pronounced artificial subsidization of investment that the Austrian perspective may apply there to a greater degree.
The optimistic view is that Chinese excess capacity and overbuilding are manageable — that the current overextensions of investment will be propped up, but they won’t have to be propped up for long. In this view, the Chinese economy will fairly soon grow rather naturally into supporting its current capital structure, and its downturns will be mere hiccups, not busts.
The pessimistic view is that the problems are so large that the government’s attempts to prop up its investments with further subsidies could so limit consumption, and so distort resource allocation, that the Chinese economy will stagnate. In this view, the political means for allocating investment would grow to dominate market forces, the proposed “economic rebalancing” of the Chinese economy toward domestic consumption would become a distant memory, and China would have an even tougher time opening its capital markets and liberalizing its economy. Given that China already faces competition from nations where wages are lower, and that its population is aging, the country might not return to its previous growth track.
THE jury is out. But to my eye, we may well find a significant and lasting disruption, closer to what the Austrian theory would predict. Consider a broader historical perspective: How often in world history have countries enjoyed 30-plus years of extremely rapid growth without a major economic tumble somewhere along the way? One can be optimistic about China for the long term and still be fearful for the next turn in its business cycle.
In any case, China has surprised the world many times before — and is likely to surprise it again.

SOURCE = http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/12/business/two-ways-to-see-chinas-problems-economic-view.html?_r=0

ENGLISH
NAME: ILENNA D MIRAWAN
NPM: 13212596
1EA08

Kamis, 01 November 2012

MANUSIA DAN PENDERITAAN


Manusia didunia ini dihadapkan pada dua cobaan yaitu cobaan yang mengembirakan dan cobaan yang menyusahkan. Cobaan tersebut berupata tahapan dan rintangan yang menguji manusia dalam kehidupan apabila mampumenyelesaikan dengan baik akan mewndapatkan pahala dan bila mengingkarinya  ketentuan yang ada akan tenggelam dalam penderitaan di akhirat kelak.
            Terkadang manusia terbuai pada kegembiraan, padahal kegembiran juga cobaan. Manusia seringkali tergelincir akibat keterlenaan dan berlebihan serta melampaui batatas  dan berujung pada penderitaan. Sementara ada pula yang menghadapi cobaan yang menyusahkan namun tidak kuat menjalani cobaan. Orang tersebut menjadi frustasi dan meluapkan emosi tanpa kontrol. Sikap seperti itu malah semakin menambah penderitaan. Adapula ketika merasa kesabaran sudah dibatas perjuangan berhenti melakukan perjuangan padahal keinginan yang diharapkan selangkah lagi tercapai sehingga tetap  pada pendedritaan dan menyesal ketika harapan yang dicitakan berlalu begitusaja dihadapanya. Ada pula yang menjalani hidup dengan sikap noverkonviden (bermain aman), tidak mau menghadapi masalah atau lari ndari masah namun yang terjadi mendapati pada suatu penderitaan. Ada pula yang mencoba berkelik dari masalah dan hanya mengincar kebahagiaan dunia namun di akhirat berujung pada penderitan.Manusia di dunia ini tidak akan pernah lepas dari yang namanya masalah  baik yang menyusahkan atau yang menggembirakan. Masalah timbul karena adanya kesenjangan antara harapan dan kenyataan. Proses dalam menghadapi kesenjangan seringkali dihadapkan pada lika-liku kehidupan yang sering dianggap sebagai suatau penderitaan.
             Susah maupun senang merupakan dua agenda yang silih berganti tejadi dalam kehidupan manusia. Habis susah ada senang dan habis senang ada susah. Manusia selalu untuk berusaha menjadi lebih baik. Manusia perlu menjalani proses di dunia ini untuk mencari bekal untuk akherat  dengan menjalani suka duka yang ada di dunia.


Pengertian Penderitaan, penderitaan berarti kita harus tau arti kata terlebih dahulu. Penderitaan berasal dari kata derita. Kata derita berasal dari bahasa sansekerta dhra artinya menahan atau menanggung. Derita artinya menanggung atau merasakan sesuatu yang tidak menyenangkan. Penderitaan dapat berupa penderitaan lahir atau batin atau lahir dan batin. Penderitaan termasuk realitas manusia dan dunia. Intensitas penderitaan bertingkat-tingkat, ada yang berat, ada yang ringan. Namun peranan individu juga menentukan berat-tidaknya intensitas penderitaan. Suatu peristiwa yang dianggap penderitaan oleh seseorang belum tentu merupakan penderitaan bagi orang lain. Dapat pula suatu penderitaan merupakan energi untuk bangkit kembali bagi seseorang, atau sebagai langkah awal untuk mencapai kenikmatan dan kebahagiaan Siksaan Siksaan dapat diartikan sebagai siksaan badan atau jasmani, dan dapat juga berupa siksaan jiwa atau rokani. Akibat siksaan yang dialami seseorang, timbullah penderitaan.
Siksaan yang sifatnya psikis bisa berupa :
a) kebimbangan,
b) kesepian,
c) ketakutan.
Ketakutan yang berlebih-lebihan yang tidak pada tempatnya disebut phobia.banyak sebab yang menjadikan seseorang merasa ketakutan antara lain : claustrophobia dan agoraphobia, gamang, ketakutan, keakitan, kegagalan. Para ahli ilmu jiwa cenderung berpendapat bahwa phobia adalah suatu gejala dari suatu problema psikologis yang dalam, yang harus ditemukan, dihadapi, dan ditaklukan sebelum phobianya akan hilang. Sebaliknya ahli-ahli yang merawat tingkah laku percaya bahwa suatu phobia adalah problemnya dan tidak perlu menemukan sebab-sebabnya supaya mendapatkan perawatan dan pengobatan. Kebanyakan ahli setuju bahwa tekanan dan ketegangan disebabkan oleh karena si penderita hidup dalam keadaan ketakutan terus menerus, membuat keadaan si penderita sepuluh kali lebih parah. Kekalutan Mental Penderitaan batin dalam ilmu psikologi dikenal sebagai kekalutan mental. Secara lebih sederhana kekalutan mental adalah gangguan kejiwaan akibat ketidakmampuan seseorang menghadapi persoalan yang harus diatasi sehingga yang bersangkutan bertingkah laku secara kurang wajar.
Gejala permulaan bagi seseorang yang mengalami kekalutan mental adalah :
a) nampak pada jasmani yang sering merasakan pusing, sesak napas, demam, nyeri pada lambung
b) nampak pada kejiwaannya dengan rasa cemas, ketakutan, patah hati, apatis, cemburu, mudah marah .
Tahap-tahap gangguan kejiwaan adalah :
gangguan kejiwaan nampak pada gejala-gejala kehidupan si penderita bisa jasmana maupun rokhani usaha mempertahankan diri dengan cara negative Kekalutan merupakan titik patah (mental breakdown) dan yang bersangkutan mengalam gangguan Sebab-sebab timbulnya kekalutan mental : Kepribadian yang lemah akibat kondisi jasmani atau mental yang kurang sempurna terjadinya konflik sosial budaya cara pematangan batin yang salah dengan memberikan reaksi yang berlebihan terhadap kehidupan sosial Proses kekalutan mental yang dialami seseorang mendorongnya kearah positif dan negative. Posotf; trauma jiwa yang dialami dijawab dengan baik sebgai usaha agar tetap survey dalam hidup, misalnya melakukan sholat tahajut, ataupun melakukan kegiatan yang positif setelah kejatuhan dalam hidupnya. Negatif; trauma yang dialami diperlarutkan sehingga yang bersangkutan mengalami fustasi, yaitu tekanan batin akibat tidak tercapainya apa yang diinginkan.
Bentuk fustasi antara lain :
a) agresi berupa kamarahan yang meluap-luap akibat emosi yang tak terkendali dan secara fisik berakibat mudah terjadi hypertensi atau tindakan sadis yang dapat membahayakan orang sekitarnya
b) regresi adalah kembali pada pola perilaku yang primitive atau kekanak-kanakan
c) fiksasi adalah peletakan pembatasan pada satu pola yang sama (tetap) misalnya dengan
d) membisu proyeksi merupakan usaha melemparkan atau memproyeksikan kelemahan dan sikap-sikap sendiri yang negative kepada orang lain
e) Identifikasi adalah menyamakan diri dengan seseorang yang sukses dalam imaginasinya
f) narsisme adalah self love yang berlebihan sehingga yang bersangkutan merasa dirinya lebih superior dari paa orang lain
g) autisme ialah menutup diri secara total dari dunia riil, tidak mau berkomunikasi dengan orang lain, ia puas dengan fantasinya sendiri yang dapat menjurus ke sifat yang sinting.
Penderitaan kekalutan mental banyak terdapat dalam lingkungan seperti :
a) kota – kota besar
b) anak-anak muda usia
c) wanita
d) orang yang tidak beragama
e) orang yang terlalu mengejar materi
Apabila kita kelompokkan secara sederhana berdasarkan sebab-sebab timbulnya penderitaan, maka penderitaan manusia dapat diperinci sebagai berikut :
a) Penderitaan yang timbul karena perbuatan buruk manusia
b) Penderitaan yang timbul karena penyakit, siksaan/azab Tuhan
Orang yang mengalami penderitaan mungkin akan memperoleh pengaruh bermacam-macam dan sikap dalam dirinya. Sikap yang timbul dapat berupa sikap positif ataupun sikap negative. Sikap negative misalnya penyesalan karena tidak bahagia, sikap kecewa, putus asa, atau ingin bunuh diri. Kelanjutan dari sikap negatif ini dapat timbul sikap anti, misalnya anti kawin atau tidak mau kawin, tidak punya gairah hidup, dan sebagainya. Sikap positif yaitu sikap optimis mengatasi penderitaan, bahwa hidup bukan rangkaian penderitaan, melainkan perjuangan membebaskan diri dari penderitaan dan penderitaan itu adalah hanya bagian dari kehidupan. Sikap positif biasanya kreatif, tidak mudah menyerah, bahkan mungkin timbul sikap keras atau sikap anti. Misalnya sifat anti kawin paksa, ia berjuang menentang kawin paksa, dan lain-lain.


Source:

ILENNA D MIRAWAN
13212596
IEA08